Coyote (Canis latrans)

The Eastern coyote is quite similar to a large, pale gray fox in coloration and shape. They have a gray to reddish gray fur with slightly rusty legs, feet, and ears. Large specimens may weigh up to 65 Ibs. With a total length of about 55''. The bushy tail, about 18" long, is carried low when the animal is running. Its ears are erect and its tail is not curled.

Reproduction

Coyote breed in January through early March with a gestation period of about 60 days. The young are born in April and May. A litter of 6 pups is normal. Dens occur in loose soil, rock ledges or other good cover.

Habitat

Large areas of open woodland, brushy wetlands and rough, broken areas are the best areas to seek coyote in eastern Northern America. Occurring over much of North America, coyote have adapted too many types of habitat.

Habits

Like the other members of the dog family, coyote are mainly nocturnal predators. They will eat a wide variety of both animal and vegetable foods. Although small mammals make up a large part of their diet, they will also prey upon larger animals under some conditions.

Coyote are travelers, covering a hunting route 12 to 15 miles. They are quite fast, reaching speeds up 10 about 40 miles per hour in short bursts. Sometimes hunting in pairs or family units, they have the endurance to run down larger prey. They will feed upon winter killed game or other carrion when such food is available.

 

Coyote are extremely wary. With excellent scenting capabilities, they can easily detect poorly treated traps or sets. Like fox they approach new objects with caution. Because of their wide ranging habits, coyote may not pass through a particular area for several days to weeks. Thus, sets that are not immediately successful should not be abandoned too soon.

 

Trapping Tactics

Coyote pelts are best during the November through January period. Dirthole sets as well as other fox sets using size 1.75 or 2 traps are excellent fall coyote sets. When using #2 traps, use only those with thick jaws to avoid cutting skin.

Baits and Lures

Many commercial lures are available to coyote trappers. Coyote urine and gland lures are effective.

A strong smelling oil is a good base for the lure. Mink or skunk musk can improve the cold weather performance of the lure. Baits mentioned for use of fox can also be used in trapping coyote.

Diseases

Coyote are susceptible to sarcoptic mange, distemper and rabies. Follow the precautions mentioned earlier for skunk and fox.